Starting Behind and Staying Behind in South Africa: The case of insurmountable learning deficits in mathematics
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP27/2014Publication date: 2014
Author(s):
[protected email address] (Department of Economics, University of Stellenbosch)
This study quantifies a year’s worth of mathematics learning in South Africa (0.3 standard deviations) and uses this measure to develop empirically-calibrated learning trajectories. Two main findings are, (1) only the top 16% of South African Grade 3 children are performing at an appropriate Grade 3 level. (2) The learning gap between the poorest 60% of students and the wealthiest 20% of students is approximately three Grade-levels in Grade 3, growing to four Grade-levels by Grade 9. The paper concludes by arguing that the later in life we attempt to repair early learning deficits in mathematics, the costlier the remediation becomes.
JEL Classification:I20, I21, I28
Keywords:Mathematics, Learning Trajectories, South Africa, Hierarchical Learning, SACMEQ, TIMSS
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